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Kenya Science Translation Hub leads a Discourse on Theory of Change (ToC)
Monday, March 16, 2026
In an engaging virtual webinar, that piqued the researchers’ curiosity, the Kenya Science Translation Hub (KSTH), kicked off a discourse among researchers in Kenya on the Theory of Change. The virtual webinar, held on Friday, March 13, 2026, was a curtain raiser to an upcoming workshop for early- career researchers set off an interesting discussion on what ToC is. Is theory of Change really practical? Or is it wishful thinking?
In the Friday Morning meeting, Isabel Vogel, AgriFose 2030, spoke to over 100 researchers from the 91, Embu and Maseno University on the Theory of Change (ToC).
Ms Isabel Vogel, started by introduction of research to impact and the Theory of Change approach. She set a challenge to participants to rethink what meaningful research truly looks like. she opened with a simple but powerful idea: research should not end with publications. Its real value lies in how it improves lives and contributes to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
“Research with impact isn’t just about publishing a paper,” she explained. “It’s about translating science into action.”
Isabel compared research without direction to building a pier that never accomplishes a solution to the situation. Years of effort, data collection, and analysis can ultimately lead nowhere if researchers fail to plan how their findings will create real-world change.
This is where the Theory of Change (ToC) becomes essential. According to Isabel, a Theory of Change is not merely a diagram filled with arrows and boxes. It is a structured process of critical thinking that forces researchers to move beyond laboratories and academic spaces into the complex realities of communities and human behavior.
She shared an image of a wall covered in colorful sticky notes representing farmers, policymakers, and community leaders. Each note captured a perspective, concern, or expectation. This collaborative process, she explained, is known as co-creation, where solutions are shaped together with the people they are meant to serve.
Seeing the Problem from different perspectives to illustrate one of the biggest challenges in development work, Isabel introduced a simple drawing titled “What is the pig?” Different observers viewed the same animal differently: a scientist saw data, a butcher saw food, and a child saw a pet.The lesson was clear. Assumptions shape how people interpret problems and solutions.
Researchers often assume communities will adopt innovations simply because evidence proves they work. But adoption depends on culture, livelihoods, risks, and lived experiences. True impact requires understanding reality through the eyes of those directly affected.
The Stepwise Journey to Impact Isabel guided participants through an eight-step approach to building an effective impact pathway. The journey begins by defining a clear purpose and ends with continuous critical reflection.
She described impact as a progression; Research Uptake – people become aware of new knowledge, Research Use – individuals apply new skills or practices, Research Impact – measurable economic, environmental, or social improvements occur. This structured pathway helps researchers move from ideas to outcomes that matter.
In a demonstration of how research empowers, Isabel shared the example of a project in Western Uganda. Instead of simply studying pastoral communities, researchers worked alongside them to map how improved skills could lead to sustainable businesses and stronger livelihoods.
The project succeeded because impact was planned from the beginning, not treated as a Compass for Change. As the session concluded, Isabel presented a complex impact pathway map from the AgriFoSe2030 Phase 2.5initiative. What once looked like technical jargon now appeared meaningful to participants. It was not just a framework; it was compass guiding research toward tangible results.
Beyond Research, Theory of Change reminds us that knowledge alone is not enough. Real progress happens when research listens, adapts, collaborates, and intentionally plans for impact.
In a world facing climate change, inequality, and shifting livelihoods, the question is no longer whether research produces knowledge, but whether that knowledge leads to lasting transformation.